F. E.  Melsheimer, ?Description of New Species of Coleoptera of the United States?, PAsp, vol. 2, pp. 98-118., 1844.

J. L.  LeConte, ?Synopsis of the Silphales of America, north of Mexico?, PAsp, vol. 6, pp. 274-287., 1853.

J. L.  LeConte, ?Additions to the Coleopterous Fauna of northern California and Oregon?, PAsp, vol. 11, pp. 281-292., 1859.

J. L.  LeConte, ?Additions to the Coleopterous fauna of the United States?, PAsp, vol. 18, pp. 361-394., 1866.